Clinical Corner: Fall Prevention

Basic Information on Falls/Fall Prevention:

A fall is an event that results in a person unintentionally coming to rest on the ground, floor, or other lower-level surface.

Falls can cause injury, loss of independence, and are a leading cause of death and hospitalization among older adults.  Fear of falling may cause individuals to limit their activities and social engagements which can result in further physical decline, depression, social isolation, and feelings of helplessness.

Fall prevention includes any actions you can take to improve your health, move more carefully and make your home and other areas safer in an effort to reduce the risk of falls.

Causes of Falls:

Risk factors may include but are not limited to:

– Older age

– Lack of exercise

– History of falls

– Nutritional deficiencies

– Health conditions (i.e. dementia, seizure disorder, Parkinson’s, obesity, middle ear disorders, etc.) that may cause changes in your blood pressure, vision, muscle strength/coordination, or balance

– Medications that make you dizzy, weak, or tired

– Environmental hazards (i.e. clutter, slippery/uneven surfaces, improper footwear, poor lighting, etc.)

Ways to Reduce the Risk of Falls/Injuries:

– Change positions slowly.

– Use assistive devices such glasses, hearing aids, walkers, canes, and other mobility devices as directed.

– Install handrails in stairways and throughout the home.

– Install grab bars in bathrooms near the toilet and in the shower.

– Use non-slip strips and a shower chair inside the shower.

– Use a non-slip mat outside of the shower if the bathroom floor is not carpeted.

– Wear shoes or slippers that fit well and have flat, non-slip soles both inside and outside.

– Wear a personal alarm that allows you to call 911 if you fall and need help.

– Participate in regular physical activity as tolerated.

– Participate in physical therapy as advised.

– Manage your medical conditions, take medication, and keep all appointments with your healthcare providers as advised.

– Seek appropriate medical care is sought for any falls/injuries sustained.

– Have hearing and vision checked as advised.

– Monitor for/address any environmental hazards.

– Keep all walkways clear of clutter.

– Remove area rugs or secure them with double-sided tape.

– Keep the environment well-lit when awake and use night lights in areas such as bedrooms, bathrooms, and hallways at night.

– Keep commonly used items (such as phones, remotes, glasses, etc.) within reach and avoid use of step stools.